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M E R C H A N T   N A V Y

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Introduction

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   The Merchant Navy is a non-combatant commercial fleet comprising passenger vessels, cargo

   linkers, tankers, ore carriers and other types of specialised ships for efficient transport by sea.
   These ships are operated by public and private sector shipping companies and manned by
   trained navigators, marine engineers and crew. A career in the merchant navy which was earlier
   a male preserve can today be pursued by women as well.

   Recently, three women made history by being the first to be commissioned into the Merchant
   Navy - Sonali Banerjee, the first woman marine engineer and Swati Singh and Sonika Joshi, the
   first women Deck Cadets. All three have been hired by a foreign shipping company, Mobil.

Your Career Options

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   You can go in to various fields within Merchant Navy-

FAQs

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   Q. What is merchant navy all about?

   A. The merchant navy is composed of vessels (ships) which carry cargo (called bulk carriers) or
   oil (called tankers) or passengers (called liners). These ships may belong to Indian or foreign
   shipping companies. On board these ships the most important officers are the
navigating
   officers
and the marine engineers.

   Q. What kind of training do navigating officers receive after selection?

   A.  Navigating officers have to undergo a three year training course in the theoretical and the
   practical aspects of nautical science. This training is imparted in the training ship
  
T.S.Chanakya, Mumbai. The course includes seamanship, navigation, cargo work, ship
   maintenance, naval architecture, collision prevention and marine communication. Practical
   training includes maintenance work on the ship and experience in handling various navigational
   instruments and also boat work. All drills carried out in sea-going ships pertaining to safety of
   life are regularly carried out on board.

 

ACHIEVER
tim.jpg (23517 bytes)
Tim Kershaw

    Tim Kershaw is an highly
    achieved merchant navy
    officer.

    Merchant navy deck officers

    are second in charge of the
    crew on a ship. They are
    responsible for helping the
    captain run and navigate
    the ship and loading and
    discharging cargo.

    On the job responsibilities

    of merchant navy officers,
    he says, "We do a bridge
    watch where we navigate
    the ship from port A to port
    B and make sure it doesn't
    collide with other vessels
    or go a ground. We
    communicate with shore
    and other ships during that
    time."

    A merchant navy deck

    officer checks the position,
    course and speed of the
    ship is in charge of the ship
    when on watch may arrange
    repairs, fuel and supplies for
    the ship may supervise the
    loading, unloading and
    storage of cargo organises
    work activities for the deck
    crew is responsible for
    vessel security.

 

IT Perspective

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   Information technology has made its mark in every possible avenue, taking a million leaps and crossing all boundaries, it is

   just everywhere. Therefore, belonging to the prestigious Merchant Navy will not in any way leave you upset about not working
   on PCs. Miles away from the seashore you are still in touch with onshore colleagues. How? Through wireless networks you
   may say but, the driver behind the establishment of automation systems and offshore control systems is Information
   Technology.

   We suggest you work your way around this interesting concept/subject as much before time as possible. During your training
   then, you may be able to concentrate on offshore activities instead of having to learn basic concepts of  computers.

   In fact, go ahead and find out the various information web sites on Merchant Navy, the recruitment process, and all that
   interests you so that you are able to make an informed choice for your future.

Your Training

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   COURSE AND PRACTICAL TRAINING

   The syllabus is drawn up to impart broad based marine education with special emphasis on fundamentals of marine subjects
   and practical aspects of the profession. The educational and training programme is designed to inculcate officer like qualities
   and a high sense of discipline in the cadets.Physical training is an essential part of the curriculum to keep the young persons
   fit for the tough and adventurous career at sea. The scholastic subjects include English and Communication Skills, Applied
   Mathematics, Physics and Electronics, Computer Science and Marine Management. Practical in these subjects are held as
   per the University of Mumbai’s requirements. The professional subjects include Navigation and ship operation technology.

   The practical training covers maintenance work of the ship and experience in handling various navigational instruments. All
   drills carried out in sea going ships pertaining to safety of life at sea are regularly exercised on board. The Applied subjects
   taught are Maritime Commerce, Marine Engineering and Control systems and Environmental Science (Meteorology, Geology
   Oceanography, Marine pollution, Hydrographic surveying etc.) The total expenditure incurred by each cadet for the three
   years course is approx. Rs 25,000/-. At the time of joining each cadet will have to pay a sum of approximately Rs. 8,500/-.
   The balance has to be paid in five installments at the beginning of subsequent terms.

   The first certificate of competency for the navigating officer from T.S. Chanakya is that of Second mate (Foreign Going - FG).
   After successfully completing the three year degree course in Nautical Science on the Training Ship “Chanakya”, the cadet
   officer is required to complete certain minimum sea service ranging from 12 months to 18 months, on board a merchant ship
   before becoming eligible for the grant of Second mate (F.G.) certificate of competency. During this period he is given a
   nominal stipend. Candidates who pass the B.Sc. (Nautical Science) examination conducted by the University of Mumbai are
   eligible for remission of sea services and certain exemptions in the certificate of competency examinations.

   After being awarded the certificate of competency of second Mate (F.G.), such an officer is eligible to be appointed as third
   officer/second officer on board a merchant ship and draws a handsome salary. For subsequent promotions, he has to render
   further sea service to pass the higher examination namely First Mate (F.G.) and Master (F.G.) entitles the officer to become
   the Captain of a merchant ship. The competency examinations are conducted by the Ministry of Surface Transport through
   the Directorate General of Shipping, Mumbai.

Your Personality Traits

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   On all ships, except some ferries, the ship is the crew’s home as well as workplace for months at a stretch. Thus shipping
   companies look for self-reliant people who have shown a spirit of adventure, already done something positive with their lives
   and demonstrated some capacity for leadership. Deck officers need mathematical ability to enable them to cope with the
   cargo handling and ship stability problems, together with high technology bridge equipment. They must have common sense
   to respond quickly to any emergency which may arise and adapt to changing circumstances. Emotional stability,
   perseverance and being a good "team player" are vital.

Are You Eligible?

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   1.
The selection for admission to the 3 years courses leading to a B. Sc (Nautical Science) Degree at T. S. Chanakya, Navi
   Mumbai and 4 year Marine Engineering Degree Course at Marine Engineering & Research Institute (MERI), Calcutta for the
   Session, commencing around August 2000 will be made through the Joint Entrance Examination, 2000 to be conducted for
   the IIT's on 2nd January 2000 and 7th May, 2000. The last date for receipt of completed application form for IIT Zones is
   13.9.1999 and candidates who desire to seek admission to TSC/MERI are advised to submit the JEE form accordingly as per
   instructions given in the separate advertisement issued for the IITs. There will be no separate entrance examination for
   admission to T. S. Chanakya or MERI during the year 2000. About 90 seats in T. S. Chanakya and about 120 seats in Marine
   Engineering & Research Institute, Calcutta are available. Of these 22 1/2% reserved (15% for SC and 7 1/2% for ST
   candidates) subject to the availability of suitable candidates.

   2. Even though the age limit for admission to IIT JEE is slightly different, candidates seeking admission to T. S. Chanakya /
   MERI must not exceed the age limit of 20 years as on 1st October 2000. (that is he/she must have been born on or after 1st
   October 1980). The upper age limit for SC/ST candidates is 25 years that is (he/she must have been born on or after 1st
   October 1975). After applying to IIT for appearing in JEE 2000, the candidate is required to submit a separate application to
   the Directorate General of Shipping for admission to the above institutes.

Your Preparation

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   Admission to the courses on
nautical science and marine engineering is open to students who have completed the plus two
   or equivalent examination with physics, chemistry and mathematics and secured atleast 35 percent marks. An entrance
   examination is held for admission which assesses the candidates knowledge of physics, chemistry and mathematics of the
   plus two or equivalent standard. The entrance test has both objective and subjective questions. The written test is followed by
   a personal interview.

   The students can also apply for becoming deck cadets after plus two or equivalent examination with physics, chemistry and
   mathematics.There is a written examination with a personal interview.
After a minimum of three years on the job training the
   nauitical deck cadets can appear for the competency examinations which will establish them in the cadre of navigating
   officers.

Your Institutes

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   TRAINING COURSES IN MARINE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

     -Dr. Ramana’s Institute of Marine Electronic, 4, Shastri Park Bhagat Singh Road, New Delhi - 110 051
     -Oceanic Institute of Marine Electronics, B - 39, Panchsheel Enclave, New Delhi - 17
     -Hindustan Marine Electronics Institute, 2589 Phase I, Urban Estate Durgi Road, Ludhiana -141 002
     -Rajendra Institute of Marine Electronics, Jaipur - 15
     -
Hindustan Marine Electronics Institute, Rochipura, PO Saharanpur Road, Dehradun - 71

   INSTITUTES OFFERING COURSES FOR MARINE RADIO OFFICERS COURSE

     *AMANA'S INSTITUTE OF MARINE ELECTRONICS
      ADDRESS : Azeez Centre (4th Floor), 623 Mount Road, (near Safire Theatre) Chennai -600016

     *DR. RAMANA'S INSTITUTE OF MARINE ELECTRONICS
      ADDRESS : 4, Shastri Park (Bhagat Singh Road), Chandra Nagar, Delhi - 110051

     * MARCOPOLO INSTITUTE OF MARINE ELECTRONICS
       ADDRESS : 43, Wheeler Road, Cox Town, Bangalore - 560005

     * INDIAN MARITIME COLLEGE
       ADDRESS : 14-A, Masilamani Street, T.Nagar, Chennai - 600017

     * MARCONI INSTITUTE OF MARINE ELECTRONICS
       ADDRESS : No. 8, Bagat Singh 2nd Street, Valandipalayam, Coimbatore - 641025 (TN)

     * RAJENDRA INSTITUTE OF MARINE ELECTRONICS
       ADDRESS : C-104, Lal Kothi Scheme, (Near Jyoti Nagar MLA Flats) Jaipur - 15

     * HINDUSTAN MARINE ELECTRONICS INSTITUTE
       ADDRESS : Bahman Wala Lane, Rochipura, P.O.Majra, Saharanpur Road, Dehradun -248171 (UP)
       COURSE : Training for Marine Radio Officers Certificate of Competency Examination (as second or first class radio officer)
       is conducted under the aegis of Wireless Advisor to the Government of India, Wireless Planning and Coordination, Ministry
       of Communications, Sardar Patel Bhawan, New Delhi-110001

   PRIVATE SHIPPING COMPANIES

   Some private merchant shipping companies recruit students after 10+2 as deck cadets (navigation) for training on board.

     THE GREAT EASTERN SHIPPING COMPANY, LTD.
     ADDRESS : Cadet Academy (GESCO), C/O. T.S. Jawahar, Pilot Bunder, Colaba, Mumbai - 400005
     COURSE : Deck Cadets for training on board

     THE SHIPPING CORPORATION OF INDIA, LTD.
     ADDRESS : 245,Madame Cama Road, Mumbai - 400021
     COURSE : Training as nautical officers

     BARBER SHIP MANAGEMENT, LTD.
     ADDRESS : C/O. Capt.V.K.Khanna, 433, Mandakini Enclave, Greater Kailash II, New Delhi - 19
     COURSE : Deck Cadets

     APEEJAY SURENDRA OVERSEAS LTD.
     ADDRESS : 3 Dinshaw Wacha Road, Churchgate, Mumabi - 400020
     COURSE : Deck Cadets

     INDIAN OCEAN SHIP MANAGEMENT PVT. LTD.
     ADDRESS : Mumbai
     COURSE : Deck Cadets

    GARWARE SHIPPING CORPORATION LTD.
     ADDRESS : Express Towers, 5th Floor, Nariman Point, Mumbai - 400 021
     COURSE : Deck Cadets

   Advanced Studies for Marine Engineering is available at :

     - Cochin University of Science and Technology, Andhra University, Waltair - 530003
     -
Madras University, Madras - 600005
     -
Centre for Advanced Studies and Research in Ocean Sciences and Technology, Mumbai University (Kalina Campus)
     -
National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa
     -
Department for Earth Sciences Studies, Thuruvikal, P.O. Trivandrum - 695031

Your Responsibilities

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   Navigating officers
are responsible for the navigation of the ship, loading and discharge of cargo, maintenance of the ship,
   safety of passengers and crew and observance of the various national and international codes of the conduct relating to sea
   transportation.

   Marine engineers are responsible for the operation and maintenance of the ship's main engines and auxiliary machinery and
   the safety equipment.

Your Working Conditions

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   A ship has been described as a floating village generating its own life support system. The three main divisions are Deck,
   Engine and Service departments. The deck department takes care of the sailing/ navigation of the ship, maintenance,
   communication, handling of the cargo, loading and unloading and sailing in and out of the ports. The engine department has
   engineers who work in the engine room and supervise its operation, maintenance and repair. The service department takes
   care of our well being with the food and catering department managing the catering service for the crew and passengers and a
   medical officer taking care of the health needs of the passengers and the crew.

Your Future Prospects

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   Present prospects are excellent. Promotion depends on a combination of length of service and merit. To reach the most senior
   positions, drive and determination are essential. Officers must obtain the relevant certificate of competency awarded by the
   Department of Transport.

 
   Experienced officers often find their skills in demand ashore, in administrative posts with shipping and oil companies and in
   other posts where sea experience is relevant.

Your Remuneration

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   In the Engineering field you are initially recruited as 5th Engineer. The other hierarchies and approximate pay scales are as
   follows :

   Hierarchies Foreign shipping lines approximate salaries
     -5th Engineer Rs.20,000 p.m.
     -4th Engineer Rs.25,000 p.m.
     -3rd Engineer Rs.40,000 p.m.
     -2nd Engineer Rs.80,000-.90,000 p.m.
     -Chief Engineer Rs.1 lakh p.m.

   The pay scales of Indian shipping companies are approximately half that of foreign shipping companies in these grades. In the
   Navigation field you begin your career as a 3rd officer. The other grades are as follows :

     -2nd officer

     -Chief officer

     -Captain

   Salaries are equivalent to the Engineering branch. Promotions from one grade to another take place through examinations held
   every 2 years. Within 5-8 years you can reach the top level in either branch. Foreign shipping company's salaries are tax free.
   About 2 months leave is allowed with salaries plus air fare to and from the place of destination. Some shipping companies
   allow the officers to take their family with them. In addition to serving at sea, there are more chances for the Engineering
   branch personnel to get jobs onshore on a salary of Rs.5000 - 20,000 p.m. than the nautical officers who serve mainly at sea.

Related Occupations

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  • Army
  • Navy
  • Airforce

Suggested Readings

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   1. Lifeline : The Merchant Navy at War, 1939-1945 by Peter Elphick
   2. Deep Sea Sparks Canadian Girl in the Norwegian Merchant Navy by Carroll
   3. Forecasts for Maritime Industries in 1989 : Balancing National Security and Economic Considerations by Harlan Ullman

 

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